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In stick welding, an electric current flows through a metal electrode or stick. An arc forms between the end of the electrode and the workpiece. The arc melts both the metal and the rode and the metal and pieces to be joined. The metal from the electrode is ejected from the molten weld pool and mixes or coalesce with the work piece. The metal in the workpiece is called the base metal and metal added to the joint from the electrode is called filler metal. Stick welding always adds filler metal to the joint because electrode is constantly melting away becoming part of the weld structure, stick welding is known as a consumable electrode process.

Arc welding Certificate can attained after the course

As the electrode is heated by the arc, of the covering on the electrode releases protective gases to shield the weld(shielding gas) and help stabilises the arc. The remaining covering melts and covers the molten weld pool with a protective slag layer. This slag layer protects and the shape the weld as it solidifies but it must be removed when the weld is cool. Since the gases generated by flux covering are able to completely protect the molten weld there is no need for other shielding equipment such as high pressurized gas cylinders, regulators or horses compared to other welding processes stick welding is always often very simple. Some times the only controls on the machine are current and polarity.

Many important welding variables come from how the person doing the welding, position and moves the electrode. For the this reason the quality of the weld produced by this type of welding process depends greatly on the operator skill.

In Stick welding 2 insulated wires are connected to the welding machine: One lead goes to the clamp which is connected the work is called the electrode lead. The other wire goes to the electrode holder.

The other wire goes to an electrode holder. The uncovered or grip end of the electrode is placed into the electrode holder.

The polarity of the welding set up refers to how the electricity flows from machine to the work piece and back. The current will either be AC OR DC.

In AC (alternating Current) the direction of the flow of the electricity changes direction many times every single second.

In DC(Direct Current)is like the flow of electricity from a car battery. One lead is always positive and other is always negative.

DC can be setup in 2 ways in stick welding, One way to connect DC is DCEN(Direct Current Electrode Negative) which often called straight polarity. In DCEN the electrode is always connected to the electrode terminal and work is connected to the positive.

The other way to connect DC is DCEP(Direct Current Electrode Positive) which often called reverse polarity. Many stick welding are often operate on DCEP but some are designed to work with DCEN or AC so check the manufacturers recommendations fo the proper settings.

Stick electrode are made with a variety of metal alloys compositions and flux chemistries. You want to make sure the electrode you plan to use is strong enough and its compatible to the base metal and the position of the joint you want to weld.

tensile strength, the appropriate welding position and some times other important welding information

So in summary stick welding is an electric arc welding process, uses a consumable electrode rod thats is covered with a flux material when heated the flux releases shielding gas that protect the weld. They have slag covers the weld while it solidifies and its removed when the metal cools. then an arc welding certificate is awarded

Stick electrodes are not always the same, they must be chosen for the specific job they to do

SAFETY DURING ARC WELDING TRAINING OR JOB

Safety means keeping yourself and coworkers safe so always wear your personal protection equipment better known as PPE. Which include

1. Boots You need to have steel toe boots, leather boots coming up above your ankle, its a good safety boot to have
2. You need to have good jeans on without cuts, holes, loose threads which can be fire starters.
3. Mig welding puts off UV lights that are very bright that are harmful to the eyes and skin so you need to wear long sleeved(leather) or preferably a welding jacket to protect your skin from the sparks that come off when you weld.
4. The next thing to is that you need to protect your hands both from sparks, heat and the bright light that comes off from the weld using at least the medium thick gloves weather cuffs for protection of the upper arm. or the heavier duty welding gloves mainly used for stick or higher amperage welding.
5. You need a welding helmet with a minimum shade of 10, to protect your eyes and face from the bright light and the sparks to avoid a welders flash in your eyes or Z87 safety glasses
6. Grinding shield: Any time you going to to do your grinding, painting, wire willing, chipping you need a grinding to protect you from the flying metals

In conclusion be safe, watch out for your friends and surroundings

Arc Welding school Requirements